Goal: Decide how to turn the specifications into a working program.

• Choose methods and tools: Select a programming language (like Python), frameworks, or libraries needed.
• Design the structure: Break the program into parts (modules or functions). Plan how data will move through the system.
• Use diagrams or pseudocode: Tools like flowcharts or pseudocode help visualize the steps before you start coding.

(Example) You might decide to use:

• A while loop to collect scores
• A function to calculate the average
• An if-elif-else block to assign a letter grade